超声振动对6061铝合金焊接热裂纹影响 |
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引用本文: | 隋楚凡,刘政军,艾星宇. 超声振动对6061铝合金焊接热裂纹影响[J]. 焊接学报, 2023, 44(1): 122-128. DOI: 10.12073/j.hjxb.20220106002 |
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作者姓名: | 隋楚凡 刘政军 艾星宇 |
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作者单位: | 沈阳工业大学, 沈阳, 110870 |
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摘 要: | 为解决硬铝合金焊接接头软化严重的问题,选用7075铝合金作为填充材料对6061铝合金进行高组配焊接.焊接接头硬度确有提升,但在焊接过程中产生了热裂纹.文中设计了一个超声辅助平台将超声振动引入到传统的钨极氩弧焊中,在确保焊接接头硬度的条件下解决焊接热裂纹的问题.结果表明,超声功率较低时热裂纹消失,但超声功率达到480 W时,热裂纹再次产生.随着超声功率的增加,焊接接头的晶粒尺寸和形状发生了变化,熔合区的柱状晶被打碎,转变为较为细小的等轴晶,焊缝中心的等轴晶也发生了细化,在功率640 W时焊缝中心的平均晶粒尺寸最小.焊接接头中的析出相数量也随着超声功率的增大逐渐增多,分布逐渐均匀,对焊接热裂纹造成影响,因此存在一个超声功率的范围,能够同时解决焊接接头软化和焊接热裂纹的问题.
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关 键 词: | 6061铝合金 超声振动 焊接热裂纹 细化晶粒 低熔点共晶 |
收稿时间: | 2021-02-08 |
Effect of ultrasonic vibration on welding hot crack of 6061 aluminum alloy |
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Affiliation: | Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang, 110870, China |
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Abstract: | In order to solve the problem of severe softening of duralumin alloy welded joints, 7075 aluminum alloy was selected as filler material for high assembly welding of 6061 aluminum alloy. The hardness of welded joints did increase, but hot cracks occurred during welding. In this study, an ultrasonic assisted platform is designed to introduce ultrasonic vibration into the traditional tungsten argon arc welding to solve the problem of welding hot crack under the condition of ensuring the hardness of welded joint. The results show that the hot crack disappears when the ultrasonic power is low, but the hot crack occurs again when the ultrasonic power reaches 480 W. With the increase of ultrasonic power, the grain size and shape of the welded joint change, the columnar crystal in the fusion zone is broken and transformed into fine equiaxed crystal, and the equiaxed crystal in the weld center is refined. When P = 640 W, the average grain size in the weld center is the smallest. With the increase of ultrasonic power, the number of precipitates in the welded joint gradually increases and the distribution is gradually uniform, which has an impact on the welding hot crack. Therefore, there is a range of ultrasonic power, which can solve the problems of welded joint softening and welding hot crack at the same time. |
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