面向光固化3D打印陶瓷构件的光敏树脂体系研究

光敏树脂是光固化3D打印的材料基础，也是光固化3D打印陶瓷的成型媒介。光敏树脂体系影响光固化3D打印陶瓷构件成型过程的收缩率与脱脂过程的应力，本文设计了含环状结构的单官能度树脂、三官能度树脂及引入预聚物及稀释剂的多组分树脂三个树脂体系，测试了三个树脂体系的收缩率，研究表明引入预聚物及稀释剂的树脂体系具有最低的固化收缩率，有效缓解了因固化反应收缩造成的3D打印氧化铝陶瓷素坯开裂的问题。采用热失重分析和热处理实验研究了三个树脂体系的热分解行为，多组分树脂体系具有分阶段热解的特性，采用该树脂体系制备了光敏性氧化铝浆料，优化了光固化打印参数及脱脂气氛，3D打印厚壁实心(12 mm×12 mm×12 mm)样件与大尺寸(?80 mm×50 mm)的氧化铝陶瓷素坯脱脂后均无裂纹等缺陷。

Photosensitive Resin System for Photocuring 3D Printing Ceramic Components

The photosensitive resin system affects the shrinkage rate in the molding process of the photocurable 3D printing ceramic components and the stress in the degreasing process. In this paper, three resin systems, including the monofunctional resin with ring structure, the trifunctional resin and the multi-component resin with the introduction of prepolymer and diluent, were designed. The shrinkage rate of the three resin systems was tested. The research shows that the resin system with the introduction of prepolymer and diluent has the lowest curing shrinkage rate, which effectively alleviates the problem of cracking of 3D printed alumina ceramic blank caused by curing reaction shrinkage. The thermal decomposition behavior of three resin systems was studied by thermogravimetric analysis and heat treatment experiments. The multi-component resin system has the characteristics of staged pyrolysis. The photosensitive aluminum oxide slurry was prepared by using this resin system, and the photocuring printing parameters and degreasing atmosphere were optimized. The 3D printing thick wall solid (12 mm×12 mm×12 mm) samples and large sizes (?80 mm×50 mm) aluminum oxide ceramic green body are both degreased without cracks.