基于 BIM+VR 的沉浸体验式建筑工人安全培训及效果评价

安全培训对于建筑工人在施工中的影响十分重要，传统建筑工人安全培训模式不仅过于注重理论，且培训效果欠佳。将 BIM 与 VR 结合，构建了一种沉浸体验式安全培训模式。通过调研了解建筑工人的培训需求，利用 BIM 和 VR 模拟施工环境提升培训沉浸感，并通过增加实训操作增强体验感学以致用，增强建筑工人学习主动性。在培训模式的实地应用过程中，通过监测分析建筑工人情绪生理指标、调查建筑工人满意度，验证培训模式的有效性。结果表明:沉浸体验式建筑工人安全培训模式能有效增加培训效果，提高建筑工人的学习自主性；模拟的安全事故危险等级越大对建筑工人的培训效果越好；新颖的方式和切合实际需求的培训内容能增加建筑工人满意度；充分的培训前准备对于建筑工人安全培训是必要的。研究成果为建筑工人安全教育提供了可行的模式和实践指导。

Immersive Experience Construction Worker Safety Training andEffect Evaluation Based on BIM+VR

Safety training is very important for construction workers in construction. The traditional safety training mode ofconstruction workers not only pays too much attention to theory， but also has poor training effect. This study combines BIM and VRto construct an immersive and experiential safety training mode. Firstly， the training needs of construction workers are identifiedthrough investigation. Then, BIM and VR are used to simulate the construction environment to improve the sense of trainingimmersion. Finally, the sense of experience by increasing practical training operations are enhanced so as to enhance the learninginitiative of construction workers. In the field application， through monitoring and analyzing the emotional and physiologicalindicators of construction workers， monitoring and investigating the satisfaction of construction workers， the effectiveness of thetraining mode was verified. The application result shows that (1) the immersive experience safety training mode of constructionworkers can effectively increase the training effect and improve the learning autonomy of construction workers； (2) The greater thedanger level of the simulated safety accident， the better the training effect of the construction workers； (3) Innovative methods andpractical training contents can increase the satisfaction of construction workers； (4) Adequate pre training preparation is necessary forsafety training of construction workers. The research results of this paper provide a feasible model and practical guidance forconstruction workers’ safety education.