单向导湿功能纺织品的研究进展

单向导湿织物是一种具有高附加值的功能纺织品。除了服用之外，在医用卫生，分离过滤，微流体控制等领域具有广阔的应用前景。介绍了差动毛细效应，湿润梯度效应，蒸腾效应三种基本的单向导湿仿生学原理，从纤维选择，织物结构设计，功能整理三个方面实现单向导湿的方法。提出了仿生作为单向导湿织物研究的基本思路，从提高耐静水压性和引入动态评价方法两方面对未来作出展望。

Review on unidirectional water transport functional fabrics

Unidirectional water transport fabric is a kind of functional fabrics which has high added value.Besides being used on wearing,it also has huge potentials in the areas of medical health,filtration and separation,flowing control,et al.Biomimetic theory of Unidirectional water transport fabrics,including differential capillary effect,wetting degrading effect,transpiration effect are explained.Here we also report three basic ways to realize Unidirectional water transport effect,which are fiber selection,fabric structure designing,functional finishing.Finally,indicating that biomimetics is the basic way to enhance fabric’s Unidirectional water transport property.The prospects of improving fabric’s resistance to hydrostatic pressure and development of dynamic evaluation methods are presented.