好氧颗粒污泥技术及研究进展

近年来,水资源短缺以及水体污染问题日益严峻。传统的活性污泥生物水处理技术由于产生大量剩余污泥,在某种程度上限制和影响了该方法在废水处理中的应用。由微生物自凝聚形成的特殊生物膜——好氧颗粒污泥由于具有污泥颗粒结构紧凑致密、沉降性能好、生物量较高,同时具备多种微生物功能、剩余污泥量较少等优势,而备受关注。本文重点论述了好氧颗粒污泥的结构特征、表观气速与溶氧水平,有机负荷、金属离子、代谢方式等外部环境因子对污泥颗粒快速培养和形成过程的影响,微生物菌群结构与颗粒形成机制、以及影响颗粒长期运行过程中稳定性缺失的主要原因,提高好氧颗粒污泥的稳定性的常用措施,以提高人们对好氧颗粒污泥的认识,推动好氧颗粒污泥技术在废水领域中的应用。

A review on the aerobic granular sludge technology

In recent years,water resource shortage and water pollution have been becoming more and more serious. Due to the large amount of excess sludge production,the application of traditional activated sludge technology was restrictions in wastewater treatment in some extent. Aerobic granular sludge technology with compact structure,good settle ability,high biomass retention,various microbial functions and less residual sludge is a promissing method in wastewater treatment. In present paper,the effect parameters on the rapid cultivation of granular sludge and formation process,such as the superficial gas velocity,dissolved oxygen level,the organic load and metal ions,were discussed. The influence factors of granular formation mechanism,the structural characteristics and the instability effect of aerobic granular sludge were focused on in order to promote the application of aerobic granular sludge technology in the wastewater treatment.