低碳烯烃齐聚合成液体燃料研究进展

以低碳烯烃为原料进行齐聚反应是制取清洁液体燃料的重要途径之一。目前,在烯烃齐聚反应的产业化发展中,开发具有高活性、高稳定性、产物分布集中的多相催化剂仍是重要的研究方向。本文概述了多相催化烯烃齐聚反应在酸性位点以及镍金属位点两种活性中心上的作用机理,并分别对C₂⁼、C₃⁼和混合烯烃的齐聚反应进行介绍;从多相催化剂的优化设计角度,具体包括载体的类型、孔道结构和活性中心的分布状态以及反应条件的优化等方面对当前的研究工作进行了综述。探讨了多相催化烯烃齐聚反应在制备液体燃料中存在的优势和问题,为进一步开发高选择性、长寿命的多相催化剂提供借鉴。

Progress on the catalytic oligomerization of light olefins to liquid fuel

Catalytic oligomerization reaction, by employing light olefins as raw materials, paves an important route for producing clean liquid fuels. Currently, in the industrialization of olefin oligomerization, the development of heterogeneous catalysts with high-activity, favorable stability and well concentrated product distribution is an emerging direction. In this review, the catalytic reaction mechanisms of olefin oligomerization on both the acid and nickel active centers of heterogenous catalysts were summarized. We mainly introduced the oligomerization reactions with C₂⁼, C₃⁼ and their mixtures. Accordingly, the optimal designing of heterogeneous catalysts, including the type of supports, pore structures and the distribution of active centers, as well as the optimization of reaction conditions of oligomerization reactions were reviewed. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of producing liquid fuels from heterogenous catalysis of light olefins were prospected, which provides a theoretical guidance for the development of promising industrial catalysts with high selectivity and long-life.