高温燃烧过程中Cr的氧化机理及控制方法

Cr作为一种有害元素广泛地存在于化石燃料、生活垃圾和工业固体废物中。其中，化石燃料、相当大部分的生活垃圾以及一部分的工业固体废物都通过燃烧过程来回收能量或者进行减容和无害化处理。因此，通过燃烧过程人类向自然界中排放了大量的Cr。最重要的是，热处置过程中的高温氧化环境容易使低迁移性和毒性的Cr（Ⅲ）氧化为高迁移性和毒性的Cr（Ⅵ）。所以，热处置过程中Cr的反应、行为以及产物中Cr的存在形态得到了越来越多的研究。本文综述了燃料中Cr的存在形态、燃烧过程中Cr的氧化机理、燃烧过程中Cr氧化的控制方法以及燃烧产物中Cr的固化方法四方面内容，为减少燃烧过程中的Cr对环境的危害提供理论基础。

Mechanism of chromium oxidation during combustion and control methods

Chromium is a hazardous element widely existing in fossil fuels、municipal solid wastes and industrial solid wastes.Most fossil fuels and significant portion of solid wastes are subjected to combustion for energy recovery or safe management.Therefore,combustion processes emit huge amounts of chromium into environment.Most importantly,high temperature and oxic conditions during thermal treatment may induce oxidation of chromium from Cr(Ⅲ),which is stable and low toxic,to Cr(Ⅵ) which is mobile and highly toxic.Hence,more and more researches focus on behavior of chromium in thermal process and speciation of chromium in products.This paper includes chromium speciation in fuels,mechanism of chromium oxidation in combustion,methods for inhibiting chromium oxidation and immobilization of chromium in by-products aimed to supply theoretical basis for reducing the threat of chromium emitted in combustion process.