旋风分离器分离性能的数值模拟与分析

以XLPB-5.0和XCX-5.0两种旋风分离器为原型,采用CFD软件对这两种旋风分离器进行了流场与分离效率的数值模拟,初步探讨了入口蜗壳形式与芯管结构对分离效率的影响。模拟结果显示:旋风分离器内流场呈各向异性分布特点,切向速度是影响分离效率的首要因素,径向速度的存在会造成"流场短路"现象,使轴向速度呈不对称分布,导致分离效率的降低。轴向速度与径向速度的共同作用促使颗粒在旋风分离器内做螺旋运动;XLPB-5.0和XCX-5.0的分离效率分别为92.55%和94.96%,与实验结果基本吻合,且不同芯管参数下XCX型的分离效率比XLPB型高;螺旋式入口蜗壳(XCX-5.0型)对旋风分离器上部流场的影响相比直流式入口蜗壳(XLPB-5.0型)复杂;对于两种旋风分离器,随着芯管直径的增大,分离效率逐渐变小;随着芯管深度的增大,分离效率先增大后减小。

Numerical simulation and analysis on separation performance of cyclone separator

Taking two cyclone separators XLPB-5.0 and XCX-5.0 as the prototype, numerical simulations on their flow field and separation efficiency were conducted by computational fluid dynamics(CFD). The influence of inlet volute form and central tube structure on separation efficiency was discussed. Results showed that the flow field in the cyclone separator presented anisotropic distribution characteristics. Tangential velocity was the primary factors influencing the separation efficiency, while the existence of the radial velocity would cause the phenomenon of short circuit flow field and make the axial velocity distribution asymmetrical, hence, reduced the separation efficiency. The combined action of axial and radial velocity promotes particles to make spiral movement inside the cyclone separator. The separation efficiency of XLPB-5.0 and XCX-5.0 were 92.55% and 94.96%, respectively. This was consistent with the experimental results. Separation efficiency of XCX-5.0 was higher than that of XLPB-5.0 under different core pipe parameters. Compared with the spiral once-through entry(XLPB-5.0), the influence of spiral inlet volute(XCX-5.0)on upper flow field of cyclone separator are complex. Besides, for the two cyclone separators, the separation efficiency decreases with the increase of core tube diameter, but separation efficiency turns to increase first then decrease with the increase of depth of the core tube.