聚丙烯酰胺压裂液减阻剂的合成及性能

目前，非常规油气藏的开采备受重视，常规水基冻胶压裂液因其流变性较差及摩阻较高而无法满足降压增注的施工工艺，达到体积压裂的目的。为了解决伤害性较大及摩阻较高等问题，本文推出了一种能够同时满足降低摩阻、提高流变性的压裂液减阻剂。采用反相乳液聚合方式合成出了此种聚丙烯酰胺压裂液减阻剂，通过优化合成工艺，利用丙烯酰胺、3-烯丙基-2-羟基-1-丙烷磺酸钠及丙烯酸十八酯合成出了一种性能稳定的白色乳液压裂液减阻剂，并利用红外光谱仪、投射电子显微镜及激光粒度仪对聚丙烯酰胺乳液的结构及乳液粒径进行表征，结果表明，聚丙烯酰胺压裂液减阻剂中含有磺酸基和十八酯基团，乳液粒径为80nm，粒径较小。随后通过对乳液的减阻率及流变性测试，研究结果表明，在室温下，流速为10m/s、浓度为1g/L时，压裂液减阻剂的减阻率为78%，减阻性能较好，另外，压裂液减阻剂具有较好的溶解性、耐剪切性和黏弹性，与常规黏土稳定剂和助排剂有着较好的配伍性。能够满足非常规油气藏体积压裂施工要求。

Synthesis and properties of polyacrylamide drag reducer for fracturing fluid

Unconventional reservoirs were very important oil-gas areas. Traditional water fracturing fluid had the trouble of rheological property and friction which made the fluid unable to satisfy the technology for reducing pressure and increasing injection. To solve the problem, the polyacrylamide fracturing fluid drag reducing agent (PAM-FR) was synthesized by polyacrylamide (PAM) and 2-acrylamido-2- methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and stearyl acrylate (SA) with inverse emulsion polymerization. Using an infrared spectrometer, projection electron microscope and laser particle size analyzer, the structure and size of PAM-FR were characterized. In PAM-FR containing sulfonic acid groups, the emulsion particle size of PAM-FR is 80nm. When testing the ability of drag reduction and rheological property, compared to water, the drag reduction rate of 1g/L PAM-FR solution exceed 78% at 25℃ and 10m/s. The PAM-FR has obvious characteristics of good resistance to shearing and solution and more compatibility with clay stabilizer and clean up additive. The PAM-FR adapts to the volume of fracturing of unconventional reservoirs.