以废白土为原料制备生物柴油及其资源化利用

生物柴油是一种清洁可再生能源，正受到越来越多的重视与关注。推动生物柴油技术产业化应用的关键是降低生产成本。廉价原料、高效催化剂、新工艺与设备等是解决问题的重要途径，而发展廉价原料应是首选。油脂厂产生的废白土含油量高达20%~40%，若将其回收用以制备生物柴油既是廉价原料也可实现废弃物的资源化利用。本文综述了以废白土为原料制备生物柴油的研究进展，主要包括一步法和两步法工艺。两步法较为成熟，但工艺复杂，溶剂用量大。一步法流程简单，成本较低，但反应时间长，催化剂分离困难。因此，未来须着力于在一步法工艺基础上，探索快速、高效且催化剂易于回收的反应工艺。

Biodiesel production from spent bleaching clay and its resource utilization

Biodiesel is a clean and renewable energy,which has drawn more and more attention in recent years. However,the high production cost of biodiesel has hindered its industrial applications. Many strategies including adopting cheap raw materials,efficient catalysts,new technologies and equipments have been developed to solve this problem,among which the development of cheap raw materials should be preferred. The spent bleaching clay from oil plants has a large oil content ranged from 20% to 40%,by recycling which to produce biodiesel can reduce the raw material costs as well as achieve resource utilization of factory waste. This article reviews the current research progress about biodiesel production from spent bleaching clay including the one-step and two-step processes. The two-step process is well developed but is complicated and a large amount of solvent is required. In contrast,the one-step process is simpler and less costly,while the reaction time is longer and the separation of catalysts is more difficult. Therefore,it is necessary to explore a one-step process featured with high reaction rate,high efficiency and easily recycled catalysts in the future.