双钙钛矿型复合氧化物A2B'B'O6的最新合成方法

双钙钛矿型复合氧化物是一种新型的无机非金属材料，在电磁学和催化等方面具有好的应用前景，近年来引起了研究者极大的关注。本文介绍了双钙钛矿型复合氧化物A₂B'B'O₆的结构以及目前国内外传统和最新的合成方法。在结构上，单双钙钛矿型复合氧化物有相同点也有不同点，它们都具有稳定的骨架结构，最大的不同是双钙钛矿结构中B位原子的八面体结构由B'O₆和B'O₆交替排列而成，形成B'-O-B'的结合，从而产生了超交换作用。传统的合成方法着重介绍了高温固相法、溶胶-凝胶法和水热合成法；最新的合成方法主要叙述了微波烧结法、溶胶-凝胶自燃法、化学溶液沉积法、静电纺丝法、冷冻干燥法、非晶态合金法和脉冲激光沉积法。本文针对每一种方法的合成步骤及主要特征进行了详细阐述，对未来的双钙钛矿合成方法研究进行了展望，指出探索研发更加优越的合成方法是未来的研究热点。

The latest synthesis methods of double perovskite-type composite oxides A2B'B'O6

Double perovskite-type composite oxides have attracted considerable attentions as a new inorganic non-metallic materials owing to their superiority in electromagnetism and catalysis recently.This paper describes the structure and the traditional and new synthesis methods of double perovskite-type composite oxides A₂B'B'O₆ at home and abroad.The structures of single and double perovskite composite oxides have both similarities and differences. They both have stable skeleton structure,while the main difference is that octahedral structure of B atoms is formed by arranging alternately of B'O₆ and B'O₆ for double perovskite,resulting in the forming of B'-O-B" and the superexchange effect.The traditional synthesis methods mainly include high-temperature solid phase method,sol-gel method and hydrothermal synthesis method,whereas the new synthesis methods mainly include microwave sintering method,sol-gel spontaneous combustion method,chemical solution deposition method,electrostatic spinning method,freeze drying method,amorphous alloy method and pulsed laser deposition method.The synthesis procedures and main features of each method are described in detail. The future development of synthesis method is also proposed,and exploring better synthesis method is still a hot spot in the future.