挥发性有机物处理技术的特点与发展

挥发性有机物(VOCs)产生于有机化工生产过程及有机产品被使用的自身挥发过程,对环境和人类健康有害。本文综述了VOCs的定义、来源、危害、相关法律法规和排放情况。介绍了现有VOCs处理技术,包括化学氧化法、物理分离法、生物分解法、光解法、电化学法以及新兴复合型处理技术等的特点。阐述了这些技术的原理、工艺流程、优势、使用限制和市场的占有率,其中吸附法应用最为广泛,催化燃烧法和低温等离子法发展最快,复合型处理技术处理效果最好且无二次污染是VOCs处理技术发展的一个重要方向。选择合适VOCs处理工艺应依据其主要成分的浓度、气体流量、物化性质等因素并考虑到整个处理工艺的经济效益。并对新兴复合型处理技术的发展趋势作了展望,指出降低成本、简化操作是该技术进一步推广的关键。

The characteristics and development of volatile organic compounds treatment technology

Volatile organic compounds(VOCs) are formed in some organic chemical production processes and the using of these organic products,which are harmful to the environment and human health.In this paper,the definition,sources,harm,relevant laws and regulations,emission conditions of the VOCs were mainly reviewed. The characteristics of existing VOCs treatment technology mainly including the chemical oxidation technique,physical separation technique,biological decomposition technique,light decomposition technique,electrochemical technique,the new type of composite technique etc.were introduced.Then,the principle,process,advantages,restrictions of VOCs treatment technology were expounded.The adsorption technique is one of widely used method. Catalytic combustion and non-thermal plasma are fastest developing approaches.The composite technique is a new developing method and has a good result without second pollution,which is an important direction of VOCs treatment.The choice of the appropriate VOCs treatment should be based on the main ingredients of concentration,gas flow rate,physical and chemical properties etc.with the consideration of economic benefits.The outlooks of composite removal techniques were discussed. Cost reduction and simple operation are the key issues of application.