随机需求条件下三级供应链数量折扣协调策略

为了分析随机需求条件下三级供应链协调策略,考虑提前期内需求服从正态分布,建立由供应商、制造商和零售商所组成的三级供应链的数量折扣协调模型,并设计相应的算法对模型进行求解,得到实现供应链协调的各个成员的最优订单决策和库存决策.所建立的模型考虑制造商一方面可以从供应商处取得数量折扣,同时也向其下游的零售商提供数量折扣.最后结合具体算例对模型进行应用分析,并得出如下结论:在三级供应链中,制造商上游和下游同时考虑数量折扣策略能够降低供应链成本,与仅仅考虑两级供应链的数量折扣策略相比,其对供应链成本的降低幅度更大.

Quantity discount strategy for coordinating a three level supply chain with random demand

Coordination strategies were analyzed for a three level supply chain with random demand. By treating demand lead time as if it had a normal distribution, a quantity discount coordinating model for a three level supply chain consisting of a supplier, a manufacturer and a retailer could be developed. A corresponding algorithm was developed to find a solution to the model as well as the optimal ordering and inventory decisions of individual supply chain members. The proposed model considered the strategy of a manufacturer who could obtain a quantity discount from its suppliers while offering a quantity discount to its customers. A numerical example was given that demonstrated the effectiveness of the model. It was seen by numerical analysis that incorporating quantity discounts both upstream and downstream of manufacturers can significantly decrease costs compared to concentrating only on the upstream or downstream.