用成组生物毒性测试方法评价北方某市饮用水安全性

生物毒性测试方法可作为化学分析有效的补充手段。应用一组可检测类二恶英物质、类雌激素物质和遗传毒性物质的生物毒性测试方法,对北方某城市水源水、水厂工艺出水以及水龙头出水的潜在慢性毒性进行评价。结果表明地下水源水质,无论从类二恶英效应、类雌激素效应还是遗传毒性效应分析,都明显要好于地表水源水质;现有运行工艺尤其是加氯消毒工艺,对类雌激素物质的去除作用比较明显,对类二恶英效应的去除不明显并有上升趋势,对遗传毒性类物质(包括直接的和间接的)由于消毒副产物的产生,甚至有可能升高原水中的毒性效应;成组生物毒性测试方法可有效地评价水体的安全性。

Assessment on the ecological risks of drink water in a city in North China by way of bioassay battery

Nevertheless the biological toxicity testing able to measure toxicity of hazardous substances is an effective tool to compensate the limitations arising from the chemical analysis. In this paper,a battery of in vitro bioassays,which were H4IIE rat hepatoma cell bioassay,human estrogen receptor recombinant yeast bioassay and SOS/Umu bioassay were applied to assess potential chronic toxicities of water samples taken from reservoirs,waterworks and lavatory taps,regarding Ah receptor effects,estrogenic effects and genotoxic effects. The results indicated that underground water quality was better to surface water,that the existing treatment processes in waterworks including the chlorine disinfection had a good removal efficiency for estrogenic substances,unobvious for dioxin-like compounds (Ah receptor agonists),and poor for genotoxic chemicals even increasing the toxic effects because of by-products of chlorination,and that a battery of bioassays could provide much information to help us with ecological risk assessment.