宋代消防：中国乃至世界最古老、健全的体制

二年六月，诏在京人户遣火，须候都巡检到，方始救泼，致枉烧房屋，先令开封府，今后如有遗火，仰探火军人走报巡检，书时赴救，都巡检未到，即本厢巡检先救，如去巡检地分遥远，左右军巡使或本地分厢界巡检，员僚指挥使先到，即指挥兵士、水行人等，与本主同共救泼，不得枉拆远火屋舍，仍车令辖不得接便偷盗财物．如有违犯，其军巡使、厢虞侯、员僚指挥使，并勘罪以闻。

Fire System in Song Dynasty- the Oldest and Soundest System in the World

The urban fire protecting and suppressing system in Song Dynasty was highly sound and effective from the aspects of army establishment, fire equipment and fire suppression organizing. This system was also very influential, in major cities like Dongjing and LinoOan, abundant experience and theories of urban fire protection and fire suppression were accumulated, which were then widely applied in smaller cities.