机器与社会理想：莫西 · 金兹堡的构成主义功能性设计方法逻辑探析

20世纪20年代，金兹堡面对新旧风格之交替、艺术与技术的争辩提出了一种集社会理想与机器性为一体的建筑设计方法—“功能性设计方法”，其成为各先锋思潮在建筑本体域的一次聚合与重要接驳点。然而鉴于政治因素之介入，功能方法一度在建筑历史理论研究中处于失语状态。文章将从功能方法之历史时代特征出发，探究其思想之源并着重探析其以社会理想为目标、内化于机械生产逻辑的机器范式，揭示其对构成主义建筑理论与现代主义理性设计方法的重要奠基作用。

Machine and Social Ideal: A Logical Analysis of the ConstructivistFunctional Method from Moisei Ginzburg

In the 1920s，in the face of the alternations between old and new styles and the debate between artand technology，Ginzburg proposed an architectural design method integrating social ideal and machine —“functional method”，which became a convergence and important connection point of various avant-garde thoughtsin the architectural ontology domain. However，due to the intervention of political factors， the functional meth-od was once in a state of aphasia in the theoretical research of architectural history. This paper will start from thehistorical and time characteristics of the functional method，explore the source of its thought and focus on its ma-chine model，which aims at social ideal and is internalized in the logic of mechanical production， and reveal itsimportant foundation role for constructivist architectural theory and modernist rational design method.