新立城水库总磷优化管理

为科学管理新立城水库水环境,确保长春市饮用水源安全,耦合了点源和非点源污染因素,建立了水库总磷优化管理模型,设计了3个总磷优化管理方案,以实现总磷的优化管理。结果表明:水库现状入库总磷超过允许入库总磷约6倍,点源和非点源的共同作用导致水库总磷污染严重;非点源总磷是水库最大污染源,占总磷污染的92%;其中养殖总磷污染是非点源总磷最大污染源,占总磷污染的79%;水库总磷优化管理方案是点源入库总磷为零,农田非点源实施无污染施肥管理,非点源入库总磷为15.10 kg/d,最大养殖规模为25 416头猪。指出重点治理总磷点源和非点源污染源,加强库尾人工湿地建设,加大湖域管理力度,是实现新立城水库总磷优化管理的根本措施。

Optimal management of total phosphorus in Xinlicheng Reservoir

In order to scientifically manage the water environment of the Xinlicheng Reservior and ensure the safety of the drinking water source of Changchun City,an optimal management model of total phosphrous（TP） for reservior coupling with the pollution factors from point and non-point sources was developed.Three schemes were designed to realize the optimal management of TP.The results showed that the present amount of TP entering the reservoir was about six times the permitted amount;TP from point and non-point source pollution caused serious contamination in reservoir;non-point source TP pollution was the largest pollution source in the reservoir,accounting for 92% of the TP pollution;and TP pollution from breed aquatics was the largest non-point source of TP pollution,accounting for 79% of TP pollution.The scheme for optimal management of TP was that the amount of TP entering the reservoir from point sources was zero;non-pollution fertilizer management was applied to control the non-point source pollution from croplands,and the permitted amount of TP entering the reservoir from non-point sources was 15.10 kg/d;and the maximum scale of animal husbandry was 25 416 pigs.TP from point and non-point source pollution should be intensively treated,constructed wetlands should be developed upstream of the reservoir,and the watershed management for the reservoir should be enhanced,all of which are rational measures for achieving the optimal management of TP for the Xinlicheng Reservoir.