沉管隧道火灾热释放速率试验研究

为了深入分析沉管隧道火灾发展过程及其规模,以港珠澳沉管隧道为研究对象,建立足尺隧道火灾试验平台,配备试验测量系统,开展足尺隧道火灾试验。试验火源选用油池火、木垛火以及真实车辆,通过失重法和热辐射法相结合的方式确定火源规模,同时,探讨影响其火灾热释放速率的因素。试验结果表明:油池火更适宜作为火灾试验火源;通过不同油盘的组合能够模拟多种规模的火灾,试验中最大规模为40 MW左右;废弃小汽车火灾规模近似为5 MW,中巴车近似为15 MW。另外,影响火灾热释放速率的主要因素是燃烧面积、燃料类型、火源位置和纵向风速等。

Experimental Research on Fire Heat Release Rate in Immersed Tube Tunnel

In order to analysis the developing process and the scale of fire in immersed tube tunnel, Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao immersed tube tunnel was selected as study object, and a full-scale tunnel fire experimental platform was established. Full-scale tunnel fire test was carried out equipped with a test system. Pool fire, crib fire and real vehicle was selected as sources of fire, fire scale was determined by the combined weight loss method and thermal radiation method, and the factors of fire heat release rate was discussed. The experimental results show: Pool fire is more suitable for the fire source. Fire of different scales can be simulated by the combine of different pool, and the biggest fire scale in the test is almost 40 MW. The fire scale of the discarded vehicle is nearly 5MW, while that of a midibus is about 15MW. Burning area, fuel type, the location of fire and longitudinal wind speed are the primary factors that affect fire heat release rate.