转基因水稻食用安全性评价国内外概况

转基因水稻的研制与开发已经达到了可商业化阶段,但是出于对其食用与环境安全性的忧虑,目前还没有国家批准转基因水稻商品化。我国已经发现有疑似转基因稻种出现在市场上,这就迫切要求我们加快对转基因水稻的安全性评价尤其是食用安全性评价的研究,建立相应的评价标准,以规范转基因水稻的商业化及生产。本文主要从转基因水稻的营养成分实质等同性分析,动物营养学评价,体内及体外毒理学评价,致敏性评价及外源基因的水平转移五个角度对转基因水稻的国内外食用安全性评价工作进行了综述,以期为以后的食用安全性评价及标准体系的建立提供参考。

Food Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Rice

Up to now,no countries allow commercialization of genetically modified(GM) rice concerning food and environment safety problems,even if the development of GM rice has matured. Whereas,transgenic rice has been found on our market,so it is urgent to develop food safety assessment methods of GM rice and related criterions to regulate the commercialization and production of GM rice. This article reviewed food safety assessment studies of transgenic rice,including substantial equivalence of nutrition,nutritional assessment on animals,in vivo and in vitro toxicology studies,allergenicity assessment and horizontal transformation of introduced gene,in order to provide reference for further food safety assessment work and foundation of criterion system.