固液耦合试验隔水层相似材料的研究

 隔水层的采动稳定性模拟是开展煤层采动水土流失规律和保水开采控制研究的关键，隔水层相似材料的研制与配比变化规律研究是隔水层稳定性模拟的基础和前提。针对黏土隔水层物理力学特性及水理性，选取多种原料进行正交试验对比，得出硅油是最佳的低强度非亲水胶结剂，而凡士林为最佳的塑性变形的胶结剂，黏土对强度、塑性以及水理性都具有显著影响。通过强度、塑性和水理性的配比试验，可以模拟隔水层的应力–应变全程相似和水理性相似的“固–液”耦合模拟材料配比，解决隔水层塑性和水理性模拟难题。根据榆树湾煤矿地质原型，进行长壁工作面开采的“固–液”耦合相似模拟试验，验证相似材料配比的可行性，实现塑性隔水层的相似模拟，发现影响隔水层采动稳定性的关键因素是上行裂隙和下行裂隙。

STUDY OF SIMULATION MATERIALS OF AQUIFUGE FOR SOLID-LIQUID COUPLING

The stability of clay aquifuge is the key factor of water conservation mining and water and soil erosion in coal mining. The exploration of new simulation materials and its proportions for clay aquifuge are the basis of the aquifuge stability simulation. Based on the orthogonal tests for the simulation of physico-mechanical and liquid characteristics of clay aquifuge，it is found that the silicone oil is the best additive material for low strength and non-hydrophilic simulation，and the vaseline is the best additive material for plastic deformation simulation，and the clay has important effect on the strength，plasticity，and fissure close feature of simulation materials. Furthermore，a series of tests are carried out for the simulation of the strength，plasticity and the liquid quality of the aquiclude，and the simulation materials and its proportions which can simulate complete stress-strain curve and the water reactivity of aquifuge are obtained. Thus，the technical problems of the plasticity and water reactivity simulation are solved. At last，the solid-liquid coupling simulation experiment of long wall mining face for Yushuwan coal mine is carried out，and the simulation materials and its proportions are proved reliably for clay aquifuge simulation. It is also found from the simulation that the mining induced upward cracks and downward cracks are the key factors of aquifuge stability.