保水剂施用对恩施烟区上部烟叶生长发育的影响

以云烟87为供试材料，分析不同剂量保水剂施用对烟株根区土壤水分、根系活力以及上部叶农艺性状、光合参数、碳氮代谢关键酶活性、抗衰老指标及烤后烟叶质量的影响。结果表明，施用保水剂可以提高根际土壤含水量，提升伸根期根系活力及上部叶光合特性，增加叶面积，改善农艺性状，促进开片；同时提高上部叶保护酶（SOD、POD、CAT）及NR、NI活性，加快碳氮代谢，进而使上部叶烟碱含量降低，可溶性糖增加，糖碱比趋于协调，化学品质改善，产量、产值提高。在本试验中，保水剂施用量为4 g/株时效果最优。

Effects of Super Absorbent Polymer on Growth and Development of Upper Tobacco Leaves in the Enshi Tobacco Growing Area

Yunyan87 was used as the test material to analyze soil moisture, root vigor, upper leaf agronomic traits, photosynthetic parameters, key enzyme activities of carbon and nitrogen metabolism, anti-aging indicators and related enzyme activities, tobacco leaf quality and other indicators after application of different dosages of super absorbent polymer. The results showed that the application of super absorbent polymer can increase water content in the rhizosphere soil, increase root vitality and photosynthetic characteristics of the upper leaves, increase leaf area, improve agronomic traits, and promote opening; And increase the upper leaf protective enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) and NR, NI activities, accelerate carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and then reduce nicotine content in the upper leaves, increase soluble sugar, improve sugar-base ratio coordinativeness, improve chemical quality, and increase yield and output value. In this study, the effect was the best when the amount of water-retaining agent was 4 g/plant.