不同商品有机肥对烤烟根际土壤环境及烟叶质量的影响

为探讨不同商品有机肥的施用效果，通过大田试验，研究了商品有机肥对玉溪山地烟区烤烟根际土壤环境及烟叶质量的影响。试验结果表明，施用商品有机肥均可提高烤烟团棵期根际土壤有机质含量及碱解氮含量。SC有机肥在烤烟全生育期对根际土壤有机质含量影响更为显著；SCG有机肥对团棵期根际土壤碱解氮含量的影响更为显著，且在成熟期与对照水平相当，同时可显著提高成熟期根际土壤蔗糖酶活性；FH和YT有机肥可显著提高团棵期根际土壤脲酶活性和碱解氮含量，成熟期碱解氮含量也显著高于对照。烟叶质量方面，施用商品有机肥均可提高中部烟叶外观质量和感官质量，SC有机肥可显著改善中部烟叶总糖含量和两糖差，SCG和SC有机肥对中部烟叶香韵和香气量改善更为明显。本研究认为，施用商品有机肥对烤烟根际土壤养分、酶活性及烟叶质量等均有不同程度的改善效果，其中SCG和SC有机肥在改善土壤养分及烟叶香气方面效果更为明显。

Effects of Different Commercial Organic Fertilizers on Rhizosphere Soil Environment and Tobacco Quality

In order to explore the application effects of different commercial organic fertilizers, the effects of commercial organic fertilizers on the rhizosphere soil environment and tobacco quality were studied by field experiment. The results showed that the application of commercial organic fertilizer could increase organic matter content and available nitrogen content in the rhizosphere soil of tobacco at the resettling stage. The effect of SC organic fertilizer on organic matter content in rhizosphere soil was more significant than others during the whole growth period of tobacco; The effect of SCG organic fertilizer on the available nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil was more significant than others at the resettling stage, and it was similar to the control at the maturity stage, meanwhile, it could significantly improve the invertase activity in rhizosphere soil at the maturity stage. FH and YT organic fertilizers could significantly increase urease activity and available nitrogen content in rhizosphere soil at the resettling stage, but the available nitrogen content was significantly higher than that of control at the mature stage. As to tobacco quality, the appearance and sensory quality of middle tobacco leaves were improved by applying commercial organic fertilizers. SC organic fertilizer could significantly improve the total sugar content and the difference of total sugar and reducing sugar of middle tobacco leaves. SCG and SC organic fertilizers could significantly improve the odors and fragrant gas of middle tobacco leaves. In this case, the application of commercial organic fertilizers could improve the nutrient, enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil and quality of tobacco in varying degrees. SCG and SC organic fertilizers were more effective than others in improving soil nutrients and fragrant gas of tobacco leaves.