基于烟茄嫁接的超低烟碱烟叶的感官质量和烟气特性

  背景和目的  本研究在烟茄嫁接（烤烟品种云烟87为接穗，茄子为砧木）的基础上，检测分析了所获得的超低烟碱含量烟叶TSNAs含量、中性香气物质含量，并对卷制的试验卷烟烟气参数和感官质量进行对比分析。  方法  试验共设烟/烟、烟/茄不培土、烟/茄培土等3个处理。  结果  （1）烟茄嫁接的超低烟碱含量烟叶，中性香气物质含量变化较小，但NNN、NNK、NAT和TSNAs含量显著降低，上部叶烟/茄不培土处理的NNN、NNK及TSNAs含量比烟/烟低82.71%、79.46%和68.78%，中部叶烟/茄不培土处理的NNN、NNK及TSNAs含量比烟/烟低79.68%、79.80%和68.63%。（2）卷烟烟气中烟碱含量大幅度降低，其中烟/茄不培土烟叶比常规烟叶低94.12%，焦油、CO、总粒相物、水分和抽吸口数无显著差异。（3）超低烟碱含量烟叶的香气质、浓度、刺激性和燃烧性无显著差异，香气量、杂气和余味与常规烟叶相比有不同程度的降低，劲头下降明显，消费者满足感、愉悦感、接受度显著降低。  结论  通过嫁接技术选择性降低烟碱含量对烟叶化学组成和感官质量产生不同程度的影响。 

Sensory quality and cigarette smoke characteristics of ultra-low nicotine tobacco leaves produced by tobacco and eggplant grafting

This study was based on grafting with eggplant(eggplant as rootstock,flue-cured variety Yunyan 87 as scion),the content of TSNAs and the content of neutral aroma components in ultra-low nicotine tobacco leaves were determined and analyzed,and the smoke parameters and sensory quality of cigarettes were compared and analyzed.There were three treatments:“tobacco/tobacco”,“tobacco/eggplant without hilling up”,“tobacco/eggplant with hilling up”.The results show that:(1)Ultra-low nicotine content in tobacco leaves grafted with eggplant,the contents of NNN,NNK,NAT and TSNAs were decreased significantly,the NNN,NNK and TSNAs contents of upper leaves tobacco/eggplant without hilling up were 82.71%,79.46% and 68.78% lower than the control tobacco/tobacco,respectively.The NNN,NNK and TSNAs contents of the middle leaf tobacco/eggplant without hilling up were 79.68%,79.80%and 68.63% lower than the control.(2)The change of neutral aroma components content in ultra-low nicotine tobacco leaves were small,The nicotine contents of mainstream cigarette smoke were decreased significantly,and the tobacco/eggplant without hilling up were 94.12%lower than the control,there was no significant difference in total particle matter,dampness,CO,tar in smoke and puff number.(3)there was no significant difference in aroma quality,concentration,irritancy and burning quality,aroma quantity,undesirable taste and after taste were decreased to some extent,and significant reduction in impact.Consumer satisfaction,pleasure,and acceptance were also decreased significantly.It can be concluded that the selective reduction of nicotine content had different effects on chemical composition and sensory quality of tobacco leaves produced by grafting technique.