国标编制相关的城市公园绿地主要规划指标研究

公园绿地是城市人居环境建设的重要生态基础设施。在参与国家《城市绿地规划标准》的编制过程中,通过对159个中国城市(含港澳台地区)主要公园类型发展现状的大样本数据分析,提炼相关的城市公园建设主要规划指标,包括公园绿地的面积规模、绿地率和功能分区。研究表明:我国城市综合公园的建设规模多为10~50hm^2,社区公园多为0.1~5hm^2;综合公园的绿地率平均值为75%左右,社区公园绿地率平均值为65%左右。综合公园需具备儿童游戏、休闲游憩、运动康体和文化科普4项基本功能,兼容园务管理、演艺娱乐与商业服务等配套功能。社区公园需具备儿童游戏和休闲游憩2项基本功能,兼容运动康体和文化科普等辅助功能。合理地确定城市公园绿地的规划指标,有利于我国城市绿地规划理论与实践走上科学化、法制化、规范化的发展轨道。

Study on the Major Planning Indexes of Urban ParkGreen Space Related to the National Standard

Park green space is an essential ecological infrastructurefor the construction of human settlement environment. Theauthors participated in the national standard formulation for urbangreen space planning. Based on the large sample data analysisof the development status of major park types in 159 Chinesecities (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan), the primaryplanning indexes of urban park construction were extracted,including the area scale, greening rate and functional zoning ofpark green space. The research shows that the construction scaleof urban comprehensive parks in China are mostly 10~50hm2,community parks are mostly 0.1~5hm2. The average greeningratio of comprehensive parks is about 75%, community parks isabout 65%. The comprehensive park should be equipped withfour essential functions, including children''s games, leisure andrecreation, sports, and cultural popularization, and compatible withsupporting functions including park management, entertainmentand commercial services. The community park should have twoessential functions such as children''s playground and recreationarea, as well as auxiliary functions of sports, culture and science.The reasonable determination of the main planning indexes ofurban park green space is conducive to the scientific, legal andstandardized development of the theory and practice from urbangreen space planning in China.