免疫初乳对腹泻大鼠血液免疫细胞活性和免疫介质调节作用研究

目的：探讨免疫初乳在干预急性感染性腹泻病中的保护效应及其机制。方法：选用32只健康成年SD大鼠，随机分成对照组(C组)、模型组(M组)、普通初乳保护组(NC组)、免疫初乳保护组(IC组)。NC和IC组每天分别灌服普通初乳和免疫初乳(1ml/100g bw)，C和M组灌服生理盐水，连续12d。在灌服实验后的第5、10d，M、NC和IC组大鼠(1ml/100g)感染混合的肠侵染性大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌菌液(108/ml)。结果：M和NC组大鼠血液红细胞CR1(RBC-CR1)花环率和红细胞免疫复合物(RBC-IC)花环率分别显著低于和高于C组，而IC组和C组无显著差异；M和NC组T淋巴细胞比例显著下降，但IC组与C组无明显差异；感染腹泻病原菌导致血浆IL-2水平下降，TNF-α水平升高，但IC组和C组相近。结论：免疫初乳可以通过改善和提高血液免疫细胞功能活动，介导免疫介质的调整作用发挥抗大鼠感染性腹泻的保护效应。

Effects of Immune Colostrum on Blood Immunocyte Activities and Immune-mediator Regulation in Diarrhea Rats

Objective: To discuss the protective effect and its mechanisms of immune colostrum in intervening in acute infectious diarrhea disease. Methods: Thirty-two healthy adult SD rats (half females and half males) were chosen and randomly divided into a control group (group C), a model group (group M), a group protected with normal colostrum (group NC) and a group protected with immune colostrum (group IC). Rats in groups NC and IC were orally given normal colostrum and immune colostrum at a dosage of 1 ml per 100 g body weigh once each day for 12 days, respectively. The animals in groups C and M were received physiologic saline at the same dose and frequency. On days 5 and 10 post experiment, animals from groups M, NC and IC were orally infected (1 ml/100 g body weight)with mixed enteroinvasive E. coli and Salmonella typhi (108/ml). Results: During the whole experimental period, red blood cell complement receptor type 1 (RBC-CR1) rosette rates and red blood cell immune complex (RBC-IC) rosette rates in groups M and NC are obviously lower and higher than those in group C, respectively, while there is no significant difference between group IC and group C. The proportions of T-lymphocytes in groups M and NC significantly reduce, but no obvious difference is observed between group IC and group C during the whole experiment period. The decreased IL-2 and elevated TNF-α levels are detected in plasma of diarrhea pathogens-infected rats, but the levels of IL-2 and TNF-α in group IC are close to those in group C. Conclusion: Immune colostrum provides effective protection of anti-infectious diarrhea in rats via ameliorating and enhancing activities and function of blood immunologic cells as well as mediating regulation of immune-mediators.