Sheep and goats raised in mixed flocks have diverse immune status around parturition |
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| Authors: | Lorenzo E Hernández-Castellano Isabel Moreno-Indias Davinia Sánchez-Macías Antonio Morales-delaNuez Alexandr Torres Anastasio Argüello Noemí Castro |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Animal Science, AU-Foulum, Aarhus University, 8830 Tjele, Denmark;2. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Laboratorio del Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Hospital Universitario de Málaga (Virgen de la Victoria), Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain;3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), 28029 Madrid, Spain;4. Animal Production and Industrialization Unit, Department of Agroindustrial Engineering, Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, 060150 Riobamba, Ecuador;5. Agrobiotechnology Group, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología, IPNA, CSIC Spanish Research Council, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;6. Instituto Canario de Investigaciones Agrarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;7. Animal Production and Biotechnology Group, Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Arucas, Gran Canaria, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Several physiological and metabolic changes take place in dairy ruminants around parturition (late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation). Dairy species are genetically selected for their higher milk production compared with non-dairy species. This fact causes a constant stress that impairs the immune status of the animal, with consequences for its welfare and performance. In the present study, we assessed the immune status of high-yield dairy sheep and goats by quantifying IgG and IgM concentrations, as well as chitotriosidase (ChT) and complement system total complement system (TC) and alternative complement pathway (AC)] activity in blood plasma around parturition. We also measured IgG and IgM concentrations and ChT activity in colostrum and milk during the first 40 d postpartum. The lowest blood IgG concentration was at parturition in both species. We detected no differences in blood IgG concentrations between species. Blood IgM concentrations were constant in both species throughout the study period. However, blood IgM concentrations were greater in sheep than in goats. Blood ChT activity was greater in goats than in sheep, and both species showed constant activity of this enzyme throughout the study period. We observed no differences in complement system (TC and AC) activity between sheep and goats. In addition, both TC and AC activity were constant in both species throughout the experiment. In general, IgG and IgM concentrations were greater in sheep colostrum than in goat colostrum, but these differences disappeared after d 4 (IgG) and d 3 (IgM) postpartum. In both species, the highest IgG and IgM concentrations were measured in colostrum, gradually decreasing during the first days postpartum. Chitotriosidase activity decreased in both species from colostrum to milk, although goats always showed greater ChT activity than sheep. Both sheep and goats seemed to be more susceptible to infectious diseases around parturition. As well, goats showed greater ChT activity in blood, colostrum, and milk than sheep. This fact may give these animals additional protection against parasite and fungal infections. |
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| Keywords: | Corresponding author immunoglobulin chitotriosidase complement system sheep goat |
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