比例电磁式主动吸振器的设计方法研究

以电磁铁为作动器，开展了电磁式主动吸振器设计方法的研究。对主动吸振器电磁作动器进行了设计研究，针对基于E型电磁作动器的主动吸振器具有非对称驱动力的问题，设计了一种具有盘形磁极面的比例电磁作动器。采用有限元和试验验证的方法，对电磁作动器在不同磁极面结构参数组合下的电磁力进行了正交仿真计算和验证，以在一定的动铁心位移范围内电磁力波动最小为目标，获得了最优组合的磁极面结构参数。对主动吸振器动质量的动态位移进行了计算分析，并基于主动吸振器的工作频带和目标驱动力，设计了动铁心的静平衡位置。计算了主动吸振器设计刚度值，并分析了刚度参数对吸振器电磁力特性的影响。最后，结合理论计算和试验验证的方法，分析了比例电磁式主动吸振器近似对称的驱动力特性。

Design of a Proportional Electromagnetic Active Dynamic Vibration Absorber

A proportional electromagnetic dynamic vibration absorber (EDVA) consisting of a actuator and an elastic element is proposed. The dynamic characteristics of the EDVA show asymmetric variations in driving force, which is due to effect of the changing air gap on magnetic force. The design of the proportional electromagnetic actuator is realized considering the geometric parameters of the core to achieve nearly constant magnetic force over a broad range of its dynamic displacement but proportional to square of the current. The effects of various geometric parameters of the core such as width and slope of the iron core, and the air gaps on the resulting magnetic force characteristics are evaluated using a finite element model, and verified experimentally. The static equilibrium position of moving core is analyzed considering the dynamic displacement characteristics of absorber mass, and the results are obtained considering the demand driving force, operating frequency range and the desired relative displacement range(2～7 mm). The absorber stiffness is discussed rely on the ratio of the magnetic force to the driving force magnitudes. Finally, a prototype proportional EDVA was subsequently designed, and the driving force are calculated and verified experimentally. The results show that the proposed proportional EDVA yields nearly symmetric driving force response.