钙基膨润土的有机化及其表征

以河北保定天然钙基膨润土为原料,经过提纯、钠化处理,再用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵进行了有机化改性,并采用X-ray衍射分析(XRD)、红外光谱分析(IR)和热分析(DSC、TG)等测试手段对其进行了表征。结果表明:钠化蒙脱石层间距离由1.512nm缩小到1.362nm,有机化蒙脱石层间距由1.362nm扩大到2.200nm;钠离子和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵已进入了蒙脱石的层间;钠化蒙脱石失去结构水的温度由632℃上升到647℃,而有机化蒙脱石在70~700℃温度范围内质量损失了30%。该方法有机化效果明显,实现了天然钙基膨润土到有机化蒙脱石的制备。

Organic activation and Characterization of Calcium Type Bentonite

In this paper,the natural calcium type bentonite from the Baoding city in Hebei province was purified and Na-modified by use of NaCl,Na2CO3,the organophilic montmorillonite(OMMT) was prepared by use of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide,and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectroscopic analysis(IR),thermal analysis(DSC,TG).The XRD analysis indicated that the spacing of layers of sodium type montmorillonite(Na-MMT) has reduced from 1.512nm to 1.362nm,and the spacing of layers of OMMT has increased from 1.362nm to 2.200nm.The IR demonstrated that the Na+ and the hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide had intercalated into the layers of MMT.Thermal analysis(TG,DSC) showed that the temperature of lossing structure′s water of NaMMT had changed from 632℃ to 647℃,and the mass loss of OMMT was 30 percent.The analysis results showed that Na+ and alkylammonium onium ions had intercalated into the layers of MMT successfully,organophilic montmorillonite has synthesized,and the transformation process from natural calcium type bentonite to organophilic montmorillonite has been realized.