页岩油降凝剂的合成

采用熔融脂化法制备了丙烯酸高级脂,同时对影响丙烯酸高级脂收率的因素进行了考察,得出了最佳的丙烯酸高级脂的制备条件为n(酸)/n(醇)为1.2∶1.0、最佳回流时间为7h、最佳反应温度为130℃。用制得的丙烯酸高级脂与顺丁烯二酸酐、苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯脂进行了4组分共聚,合成了主要针对页岩油的降凝剂,并利用三因素三水平的正交实验设计对最佳的聚合条件进行了考察。结果表明,当丙烯酸高级脂与顺丁烯二酸酐、苯乙烯、醋酸乙烯脂之间的摩尔比为8∶1∶1∶1,同时用过氧化苯甲酰作引发剂,在反应温度为80℃的条件下回流8h时得到的聚合物的降凝效果最好。将该降凝剂应用在抚顺产页岩油中时,当聚合物的添加质量分数为0.5%时,使该页岩油的倾点降低了9℃。

Preparation of Polymeric Pour Point Depressants for Shale Oil

The melt esterification was carried out for the esterification of acrylic acid and higher alcohols, and the factors which affected the production of acrylic higher alcohol ester were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions are: 1.2∶1.0 for the mole ratio of acrylic acid to higher alcohol, 7 hours for reflux, and 130 ℃ for stepwise heating. Then, the obtained acrylic higher alcohols ester was polymerized with maleic anbydride, phenylethylere, and vinyl acetate to form the four components copolymer which was used as the shale oil pour point depressant. The polymerization condition was also studied by positive-crossing method with three factors at three stages.The results show that when monomer mole ratio is of acrylic higher alcohols ester, maleic anbydride, phenylethylere, and vinyl acetate 8∶1∶1∶1, at 80 ℃, keeping 8 hours reaction and with the addition of benzoyl peroxide as the initiator, the obtained polymer has the best effect as the pour point depressant. The obtained polymer is applied to the Fushun shale oil, and the pour point decreases 9 ℃ with the addition of 0.5%(mass fraction) of this copolymer.