农田灌溉用水量客观测算模型数据库研究

农业灌溉用水量约占全国总用水量的 60%，客观测算农田灌溉用水量是落实最严格水资源制度的重要抓手，综合运用数据库管理手段实现农业用水复核工作的流程化和规范性成为迫切需求。深入剖析农田灌溉用水量客观测算的原理与方法，梳理测算业务的数据流程，基于合理的数据分类提出测算模型数据需求。分析各类数据特性及数据间的关联特性，明确数据时间尺度与存储格式，建立气象站点、种植结构与测算区域的对应关系。运用面向对象的设计思路，以冗余度小、可扩展性好为原则推求农田灌溉用水量测算模型数据库设计方案，并在汉江上游构建农田灌溉用水量测算模型数据库实例，测算结果表明：模型数据库建设可高效支撑农田灌溉用水量测算，提升测算结果汇总分析能力。

Research on the database of objective accounting model of crop irrigation water consumption

Farmland irrigation water consumption accounts for about 60% of the total water consumption in China. The objective calculation of irrigation water consumption is a key point to implement the Strictest Water Resources System. It is urgent to realize the standardization of agricultural water accounting by comprehensive use of database. This paper deeply analyzes the principle and method of objective calculating of farmland irrigation water consumption, combs the data flow of accounting model, and puts forward calculating model data demand based on reasonable data classification. This paper analyzes various data characteristics and correlation between data, to make clear the data time scale and storage format, and establish corresponding relationship between meteorological stations, planting structure and accounting area. Based on the principle of small redundancy and good expansibility, this paper deduces the design scheme of farmland irrigation water consumption calculation model database using the object-oriented design idea, and then constructs the farmland irrigation water consumption calculating model database upstream of Hanjing River. Calculation results show that the construction of model database can effectively support the objective calculation of farmland irrigation water consumption and improve the ability of summary and analysis of calculation results.