The effect of chemical species on the electrochemical reactions and corrosion product layer of carbon steel in CO2 aqueous environment: A review

This study summarizes the chemical effects that can occur during the corrosion process of carbon steel in a CO₂-saturated aqueous environment. Particularly, it focuses more on the results that small chemical contaminations in the environment have on the corrosion process. Underground waters present complex chemistry with several different dissolved ions (chlorides, carbonates) even in high concentrations that impact substantially the corrosion rates of these materials. Moreover, gas impurities present in the gas mixture, such as oxygen in carbon capture and storage applications, constitute a supplementary form of significant contamination in the CO₂-saturated aqueous environment. In particular, the effect on both electrochemical reactions and corrosion product layer is examined for several chemical species that are commonly present either in the gas mixture or in underground waters.