Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrobenzoic Acid by cis-[Rh(CO)2(Amine)2](PF6) Complexes Under Water–Gas Shift Reaction Conditions: Kinetics Study |
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Authors: | Celeste Fernández Eduardo Lujano Ursula Macias Josseilin Marcano Pablo J Baricelli Clementina Longo Sergio A Moya María G Solórzano Marisol C Ortega Alvaro J Pardey |
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Affiliation: | 1. Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela 2. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo de Radiofármacos, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela 3. Departamento de Química Aplicada, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla, 307-2 Santiago, Chile 4. Centro de Equilibrios en Solución, Escuela de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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Abstract: | Rhodium(I) complexes of the type, cis-Rh(CO)2(amine)2](PF6) where (amine = 3-picoline, 2-picoline, pyridine, 2,6-lutidina or 3,5-lutidine) dissolved in 80% aqueous amine solutions catalyzed the selective reduction of 4-nitrobenzoic acid to 4-aminobenzoic acid under CO atmosphere. The importance of these catalytic systems is their high chemo selectivity for the aromatic nitro group of the 4-nitrobenzoic acid with respect to the carboxylic group, allowing the production of the desired aromatic amine in high yields. The 4-aminobenzoic acid production depends on the nature of the coordinated amine. The Rh/3,5-lutidine system, the most active catalyst among tested, displays turnover frequencies for 4-aminobenzoic acid production of about 173 moles per mole Rh per day for Rh] = 1 × 10?4 mol, 4-nitrobenzoic acid] = 3.82 × 10?3mol, 10 mL of 80% aqueous 3,5-lutidine, P(CO) = 0.9 atm at 100 °C. Analyses of kinetic results for the Rh/3,5-lutidine system show a first order dependence on 4-nitrobenzoic acid concentration, a non-linear dependence on CO pressure, a segmented Arrhenius plot and dependence on the nature of the reducing gas agent. These data are discussed in terms of a possible mechanism. |
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