Parametric optimization of mechanochemical process for synthesis of Cu(In,Ga)0.5Se2 nanoparticles |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Electrical Engineering (SEES), CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico D.F, Mexico;2. Program on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Avenida IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Mexico D.F, Mexico;1. Facultad de Química, Materiales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro 76010, México;2. Centro de Ivestigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. (CIMAV), Miguel de Cervantes 120, 31109 Chihuahua, CHIH, Mexico;3. Instituto de Energías Renovables, UNAM, 62580 Temixco, Morelos, México;1. Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Departamento de Ingeniería, Eléctrica, Sección de Electrónica del Estado Sólido (SEES), Ciudad de México, MX 07360, México;2. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Óptica y Electrónica (INAOE), Puebla, PU 72840, México;3. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Mecánica y Eléctrica (ESIME), México, MX 07738, México;1. Faculty of Physics, Belarusian State University, Nezavisimosti 4 av., 220030 Minsk, Belarus;2. Solar Photovoltaic Laboratory, Department of Physics, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India;3. Scientific and Practical Materials Research Centre, National Academy of Sciences, 220072 Minsk, Belarus;1. Department of Physics, Hitit University, 19040 Çorum, Turkey;2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey;3. Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey;4. Virtual International Scientific Research Centre, Baku State University, 1148 Baku, Azerbaijan;1. Institute of Engineering, Autonomous University of Baja California, Mexicali, B.C., Mexico;2. Institute of Solid State Physics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria;3. Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Copper indium gallium diselenide (CIGS) is a promising photovoltaic material. Non-vacuum deposition of CIGS is a recommended strategy to produce cost effective solar cells. Amongst various non-vacuum deposition techniques, nanoparticle based deposition methods have gained major impetus due to their economic benefits, simplicity and flexibility to scale up. In the present work, CIGS nanoparticles are synthesized by a mechanochemical process and the effect of milling parameters (ball to powder ratio (BPR), milling speed (rpm) and milling time) on the structural, morphological and compositional properties have been studied. CIGS nanoparticles are synthesized with BPR of 15:1, 20:1 and 25:1 for different milling times ranging from 1 to 6 h and milling speeds from 200 to 400 rpm. The synthesized CIGS nanoparticles have been characterized using XRD, FESEM, HRTEM and EDAX analysis. XRD analysis showed the formation of chalcopyrite CIGS nanoparticles without any secondary phase within 2 h of milling time with a BPR of 25:1 at 400 rpm. The influence of milling parameters on morphology and agglomeration has been studied using FESEM. It is observed that the nanoparticles synthesized at higher BPR with shorter milling time, are less agglomerated. The compositional study performed by EDAX analysis showed that the synthesized CIGS nanoparticles are in good match with the desired stoichiometry of Cu(In,Ga)0.5Se2. |
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| Keywords: | Mechanochemical synthesis Ball to powder ratio Milling time and milling speed |
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