Cellulose nanopapers as tight aqueous ultra-filtration membranes |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, WC1E 7JE London, United Kingdom;3. VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Biologinkuja 7, FL-02044 Espoo, Finland;4. Division of Materials Science, Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Luleå University of Technology, 97187 Luleå, Sweden;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom;6. Institute for Materials Chemistry & Research, Polymer & Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;1. Fibre and Particle Engineering Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland;2. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, Aalto University, Helsinki, Finland;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran;2. Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran;1. College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China;2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China;3. Suzhou Institute of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Suzhou, 215123, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China;1. Australian Pulp and Paper Institute, Chemical Engineering Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia;2. Chemical Engineering Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia;1. Polymer and Composite Engineering Group (PaCE), Institute for Materials Chemistry & Research, Faculty of Chemistry, Universität Wien, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Wien, Austria;2. The Composites Centre, Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom;3. Applied Wood Materials Laboratory, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland;4. Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | Recently, we have demonstrated the use of wood-derived nanocellulose papers, herein termed nanopapers, for organic solvent nanofiltration applications. In this study, we extend the use of these nanopapers to tight ultrafiltration (UF) membranes. The feasibility of such nanopaper-based UF membranes intended for use in water purification is shown. Four types of nanocelluloses, namely bacterial cellulose, wood-derived nanocellulose, TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils and cellulose nanocrystals, were used as raw materials for the production of these nanopaper-based membranes. The resulting nanopapers exhibit a transmembrane permeance in the range of commercially available tight UF membranes with molecular weight cut-offs ranging from 6 to 25 kDa, which depends on the type of nanocellulose used. These molecular weight cut-offs correspond to average pore sizes of a few nanometres. The rejection performance of the nanopapers is on the border of nanofiltration and UF. We demonstrate that the pore size of the nanopapers can be controlled by using different types of nanocellulose fibrils. |
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| Keywords: | Bacterial cellulose Nanocellulose Ultrafiltration Membrane |
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