矿物浮选过程中的交互影响

复杂矿石体系中矿物间难以分离的主要原因是有用矿物的嵌布粒度太细，有用矿物与脉石矿物的共生关系复杂，要实现矿物之间的单体解离，首先必须对矿石进行细磨，从而造成矿石泥化现象以及矿物之间的相互罩盖，进而对矿物的可浮性产生交互影响，导致矿物分离困难。矿物浮选的交互影响是指复杂矿石浮选体系中两种以上矿物间相互吸附、表面转化等对浮选分离产生的影响。因此，要实现复杂矿物体系中有用矿物的选择性分离，首先必须摸清不同复杂矿石体系中矿物之间的交互影响规律，进而找到利用或消除矿物间交互影响的方法，最终达到提高分离选择性的目的。系统阐述了近年来在复杂铁矿石、菱镁矿矿石和钨矿石体系中不同矿物间的浮选交互影响规律的研究成果，以及浮选过程中不同类型复杂矿石中各矿物交互影响的晶体化学和表面物理化学机制，并提出了削弱或促进矿物之间交互影响和适于不同类型复杂矿石浮选分离的方法，建立了复杂铁矿石、菱镁矿矿石和白钨矿矿石中矿物浮选交互影响的理论体系。 

Interactive Effects in Mineral Flotation Process

The main reason for the difficulty to separate different minerals in complex ore system is that the dissemination size of useful mineral is too small, and the intergrowth relationship between useful minerals and gangue minerals is too complex, so ore must first be finely ground to realize dissociation between the minerals, which, however, results in mutual covering between minerals and sliming phenomenon of ores, and then the interactive effects of mineral flotation happen and lead to the mineral separation being very difficult. The interactive effects of mineral flotation mean the influence of the adsorption and surface conversion of more than two minerals on flotation separation in the complex ore flotation system. In order to achieve selective separation of useful minerals in complex minerals system, the interaction laws between minerals must first be found out, and then the methods must be sought to eliminate the interactive effects among minerals; and ultimately to improve the separation selectivity of minerals. Recent research achievements about flotation interactive effect law of complex iron ore, magnesite ore and tungsten ore system were described. The crystals chemistry and surface physical and chemical mechanism of flotation interactive effect of various minerals in different types of complex ores were revealed. Methods of weakening or promoting the interactive effect among minerals were put forward. Then a theoretical system of flotation interactive effects for complex iron ore, magnesite ore and scheelite ore were established.