灰葡萄孢代谢产物对3种小麦病害的抑制作用

分别用皿内试验和盆栽试验方法测定灰葡萄孢代谢产物对3种小麦病原菌的抑制作用。皿内试验结果表明,灰葡萄孢代谢产物对小麦纹枯病菌菌丝生长抑制率可达到66.2%,对小麦根腐病菌菌丝生长抑制率达到61.6%,对小麦全蚀病菌菌丝生长抑制率为12.5%。盆栽试验结果表明,在发病前喷施灰葡萄孢代谢产物培养液,对小麦纹枯病的预防效果可达97.6%,以上对小麦根腐病的预防效果可达84.6%。将灰葡萄孢代谢产物培养液稀释20倍后喷施,对小麦纹枯病和小麦根腐病的预防效果也分别可达60.7%和42.3%。盆栽试验中灰葡萄孢代谢产物对小麦纹枯病和小麦全蚀病的治疗作用效果分别为48.3%和29.7%,对小麦根腐病的治疗效果不明显。

Inhibition of Three Wheat Diseases by Metabolites of Botrytis cinerea

Inhibition of three wheat pathogens by metabolites of Botrytis cinerea was determined in petri plates and on whole plants. In petri dish tests, Botrytis cinerea metabolites inhibited mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia cerealis, Cochliobolus sativus, and Gaeumannomyces graminis 66.2, 61.6, and 12.5%, respectively. In potted plant tests, spraying wheat plants before disease development with a culture broth of B. cinerea provided protective control of 97.6 and 84.6% against disease caused by R. cerealis and C. sativus, respectively. Spraying plants with a 1 to 20 dilution of B. cinerea culture broth provided protective control of 60.7 and 42.3% against disease caused by R. cerealis and C. sativus, respectively. In whole plant tests, metabolites B. cinerea showed a curative effect of 48.3 and 29.7% against disease caused by R. cerealis and G. graminis, respectively, but did not control disease by C. sativus.