真菌毒素适配体筛选技术研究进展

真菌毒素遍布于粮食生产、储藏、运输和加工等各个环节，其污染已经成为全球亟待解决的问题。对真菌毒素进行监测并配合使用各种有效的降毒手段，有助于真菌毒素污染问题的解决。目前，真菌毒素检测、监控和靶向降解所用识别元件多为抗体，但抗体存在价格昂贵、批次间差异性大、热稳定性差等缺点，限制了其应用，而适配体合成简单、热稳定性强、免疫原性小、几乎无批次间差异等优点，有望取代抗体，但目前有关适配体商业化应用仍旧很少。本文概括总结了以真菌毒素为靶标的适配体筛选技术及其所筛适配体情况，并分析了适配体商业化应用仍旧很少的原因，以及各种筛选技术所面临的问题和挑战，以期为真菌毒素适配体的筛选提供参考，促进粮食中真菌毒素污染问题的解决。

Research Progress in Screening Mycotoxin Aptamer

Mycotoxins are found in all aspects of food production, storage, transportation, and processing, and their pollution has become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. Monitoring mycotoxin and using various effective means of reducing toxin can help to solve mycotoxin contamination. At present, most of the recognition elements used for mycotoxins detection, monitoring and targeted degradation are antibodies, but antibodies have the disadvantages of high price, large batch-to-batch variability, and poor thermal stability, which limit their application. Aptamer is expected to replace antibody due to its advantages of simple synthesis, strong thermal stability, low immunogenicity and almost no difference between batches. This article summarizes the screening methods of aptamers targeting mycotoxins and the problems and challenges they face, and proposes several potential screening methods on this basis, with a view to providing excellent screening methods for mycotoxins. For reference, promote the solution of the problem of mycotoxins pollution in food.