Modulation of enamel matrix proteins on the formation and nano-assembly of hydroxyapatite in vitro |
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Authors: | Hong Li Weiya Huang Yuanming Zhang Bo Xue Xuejun Wen |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China;2. Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;3. Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Taizhou, Taizhou University, Zhejiang 317000, China |
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Abstract: | Natural enamel has a hierarchically nanoassembled architecture that is regulated by enamel matrix proteins (EMPs) during the formation of enamel crystals. To understand the role of EMPs on enamel mineralization, calcium phosphate (CaP) growth experiments in both the presence and absence of native rat EMPs in a single diffusion system were conducted. The morphology and organization of formed CaP crystals were examined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), High-Resolution Transmission Microscopy (HRTEM) and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED). In the system containing the EMPs, hydroxyapatite (HAP) with hierarchical lamellar nanostructure can be formed and the aligned HAP assembly tightly bundled by 3–4 rod-like nanocrystals like an enamel prism. However, in the absence of EMPs, only a sheet-like structure of octacalcium phosphate (OCP) phase was presented. EMPs promote HAP formation and inhibit the growth of OCP on the (010) plane. It is discussed that the organized Amelogenin/Amorphous Calcium Phosphate might be the precursor to the bundled HAP crystal prism. The study benefits the understanding of biomineralization of tooth enamel. |
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