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Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for food authentication: A review |
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| Authors: | Peng Zhong Xiaoqun Wei Xiangmei Li Xiaoyi Wei Shaozong Wu Weijuan Huang Anastasios Koidis Zhenlin Xu Hongtao Lei |
| Affiliation: | 1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China;2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China
Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), ?Investigation (equal), Project administration (equal);3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), ?Investigation (equal);4. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China Contribution: ?Investigation (equal), Writing - original draft (supporting);5. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety / National–Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Precision Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642 China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal), Visualization (equal), Writing - review & editing (equal);6. Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK |
| Abstract: | Food fraud is currently a growing global concern with far-reaching consequences. Food authenticity attributes, including biological identity, geographical origin, agricultural production, and processing technology, are susceptible to food fraud. Metabolic markers and their corresponding authentication methods are considered as a promising choice for food authentication. However, few metabolic markers were available to develop robust analytical methods for food authentication in routine control. Untargeted metabolomics by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is increasingly used to discover metabolic markers. This review summarizes the general workflow, recent applications, advantages, advances, limitations, and future needs of untargeted metabolomics by LC-MS for identifying metabolic markers in food authentication. In conclusion, untargeted metabolomics by LC-MS shows great efficiency to discover the metabolic markers for the authenticity assessment of biological identity, geographical origin, agricultural production, processing technology, freshness, cause of animals’ death, and so on, through three main steps, namely, data acquisition, biomarker discovery, and biomarker validation. The application prospects of the selected markers by untargeted metabolomics require to be valued, and the selected markers need to be eventually applicable at targeted analysis assessing the authenticity of unknown food samples. |
| Keywords: | authentication food fraud liquid chromatography marker mass spectrometry metabolomics |