桃胶的理化性质、功效成分及其安全性研究进展

桃胶是一种富含多糖类的天然树胶产品,具有较高的食用和药用价值,已应用于食品、医药、化妆品、化工等多个领域,但目前桃胶相关的食用和药用的国家标准缺失,尚无明确的质量指标控制方法,存在天然成分含量数据缺乏、桃胶多糖的结构特征和空间构型未知、安全性数据缺失等多方面研究不足。因桃胶质量评价指标研究还不完善,使其应用范围也受到局限。本文从桃胶的质量评价角度出发,对桃胶的感官要求、理化性质、安全性研究3个方面进行总结。今后的研究需充分考虑桃胶的理化性质差异,深入研究桃胶多糖及其他功效成分,探究可能的应用方向,充分利用资源,推广桃胶的应用。另外,应对桃胶的安全性进行全面研究,包括农药残留、重金属污染、致病菌感染、在商品桃胶加工过程中使用的酸、碱、漂白剂等的残留影响、不同树胶和工业胶的真伪鉴别及桃胶的毒理学影响等,为桃胶的安全评估提供基础数据和理论支撑。本文有望为桃胶的质量评价标准建立提供参考,为桃胶的资源开发应用提供科学依据。

Research progress on the physical and chemical properties, efficacy composition and safety of peach gum

Peach gum is a natural gum product rich in polysaccharides, with high edible and medicinal value, has been used in food, medicine, cosmetics, chemical industry, and other fields. However, there is a lack of national standards related to edible and medicinal uses of peach gum, and there is no clear control method for quality indicators. There are many research deficiencies such as lack of data on the content of natural components, unknown structural characteristics and spatial configuration of peach gum polysaccharide, and lack of safety data. Due to the incomplete research on the quality evaluation index, the application range of peach gum is also limited. From the perspective of the quality evaluation of peach gum, this paper summarized the sensory, physical and chemical, and safety research of peach gum. Future research should fully consider the differences in physical and chemical properties of peach gum, in-depth study of peach gum polysaccharide and other functional components, explore possible application directions, give full play to resources, and promote the application of peach gum. In addition, the safety of peach gum should be comprehensively studied, including pesticide residues, heavy metal pollution, pathogenic bacterial infection, the residual effects of acids, alkalis, bleaches, etc., used in the processing of commercial peach gum, authenticity identification of different gums and industrial gums, and toxicological effects of peach gum, so as to provide basic theoretical support for the safety assessment of peach gum. This paper is expected to provide a reference for the establishment of quality evaluation standards for peach gum, and also provide a scientific basis for the development and application of peach gum resources.