基于KANO-AHP-AD理论模型的儿童牙科诊疗椅设计实践

目的 为优化儿童就诊体验，提高诊疗效率，设计一款可以有效改善诊疗过程中不良情绪，同时缓解儿童牙科畏惧症发生的诊疗椅。方法 提出一种集成KANO、AHP和AD理论的产品设计模型，运用到儿童牙科诊疗椅的设计中。首先，运用KANO对儿童的诊疗需求属性进行划分；其次，融入AHP构建用户需求层次模型，并求出各层级的权重系数，明确如情绪传达、减少外界干扰、时间提醒、科普就诊流程、趣味性体验为相对重要的用户需求；再次，运用AD的独立性公理原则完成儿童牙科诊疗椅需求域(C_A)、功能域(F_Rs)和设计域(D_Ps)三者的映射，通过矩阵判断其合理性，得出最优解；最后，完善设计方案，运用VR设备及CFSS-DF评价表对设计方案的有效性进行评估。结果 运用KANO、AHP、AD理论模型设计出一款能够改善儿童就诊体验的牙科椅。结论 根据评价结果表明该设计流程可以有效指导产品研发，进一步验证了该设计流程的科学性，同时该流程可为同类产品研发提供科学合理的新思路。

Design Practice of Children's Dental Chair Based on KANO-AHP-AD Theoretical Model

The work aims to design a diagnosis and treatment chair that can effectively improve the bad mood in the diagnosis and treatment process and relieve children''s dental fear, to optimize children''s medical experience and improve the diagnosis and treatment efficiency. A product design model integrating KANO, AHP and AD theories was proposed and applied to the design of children''s dental chairs. Firstly, KANO was used to divide the attributes of children''s diagnosis and treatment needs; Secondly, AHP was integrated to build a hierarchical model of user needs, and the weight coefficients of each level were calculated. It was clear that the relatively important user needs were emotion communication, reducing external interference, time reminder, popular science treatment process, and interesting experience; Thirdly, the independence axiom of AD was applied to complete the mapping of demand domain (CA), function domain (FRs) and design domain (DPs) of children''s dental chairs, and the rationality was judged by the matrix to obtain the optimal solution; Finally, VR equipment and a CFSS-DF evaluation form were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the design scheme. The KANO, AHP and AD theoretical models were used to design a dental chair that could improve children''s medical experience. According to the design evaluation results, the design process can effectively guide product development, further verify the scientific nature of the design process, and at the same time, the process can provide scientific and reasonable new ideas for the development of similar products.