Development of mechanical cryocoolers for the Japanese IR space telescope SPICA |
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| Authors: | Hiroyuki Sugita Yoichi Sato Takao Nakagawa Hiroshi Murakami Hidehiro Kaneda Keigo Enya Masahide Murakami Shoji Tsunematsu Masayuki Hirabayashi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Aerospace Technology, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan;2. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan;3. Institute of Engineering Mechanics and Systems, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;4. Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., Ehime Works, Niihama Factory, 5-2 Soubiraki-cho, Niihama, Ehime 792-8588, Japan;1. Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;2. Institute of Applied Physics, University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;3. TransMIT-Centre for Adaptive Cryotechnology and Sensors, D-35392 Giessen, Germany;1. Energy Research Institute @ NTU, Nanyang Technological University, 637141, Singapore;2. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore;1. Aerospace Research and Development Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan;2. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan;3. Satellite Applications Mission Directorate I, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 2-1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan;4. Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan;5. National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukuikitamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan;6. University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan;7. Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd., Industrial Equipment Division, 5-2 Soubiraki-cho, Niihama, Ehime 792-8588, Japan;1. Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 500 Yutian Road, Shanghai 200083, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China;1. Corporate R&D Headquarters, Fuji Electric Co., Ltd., 1, Fuji-machi, Hino, Tokyo 191-8502, Japan;2. Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakacho, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan |
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| Abstract: | The next Japanese infrared space telescope SPICA features a large 3.5-m-diameter primary mirror and an optical bench cooled to 4.5 K with advanced mechanical cryocoolers and effective radiant cooling instead of using a massive and short-lived cryogen system. To obtain a sufficient thermal design margin for the cryogenic system, cryocoolers for 20 K, 4 K, and 1 K have been modified for higher reliability and higher cooling power. The latest results show that all mechanical cryocoolers achieve sufficient cooling capacity for the cooling requirement of the telescope and detectors on the optical bench at the beginning of life. Consequently, the feasibility of the SPICA cryogenic system concept was validated, while attempts to achieve higher reliability, higher cooling capacity and less vibration have continued for stable operations at the end of life. |
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