高碱性脉石低品位氧化铜矿提铜研究进展

高碱性脉石低品位氧化铜矿属于"三高一低"的难处理的氧化铜矿, 其矿石具有高钙镁、高含泥量、高氧化率和低铜品位的特点。本文综述了该类矿物的资源特征、浸出方法和浸出液提铜方法。主要浸出方法包括:浮选法、氨浸法、细菌浸出等。铜氨溶液中提铜方法有萃取法、离子交换法、沉淀法等, 目前氨浸法和产氨菌浸出能有效而经济地浸出, 但氨浸法由于氨的挥发性和产氨菌浸出培养问题都有其缺陷, 因此, 笔者认为常温下低浓度氨浸-萃取或产氨菌浸出-萃取是从高碱性脉石低品位氧化铜矿石提取铜的未来发展方向之一。 

Research progress of copper extraction from low-grade oxidized copper ore with high alkalinity gangue

Low-grade oxidized copper ore with high alkaline gangue is regarded as "three high and one low" refractory one, with the characteristics of high contents of calcium and magnesium, high mud content, high oxidation rate and low copper grade. This paper sums up its resource characteristics, leaching methods and the extraction of copper from leaching solution. The main leaching methods include flotation, ammonia leaching and bacterial leaching. The main extracting methods include extraction, ion exchange, precipitation. Ammonia leaching and ammonia-producing bacteria leaching can be used for leaching effectively and economically. However, the volatility of ammonia of the former and cultivation problems of the latter make them imperfect. Therefore, low concentration ammonia leaching-extraction or ammonia-producing bacteria leaching-extraction system may be the direction in the future.