响应面试验优化超临界CO_2萃取胭脂萝卜籽油工艺及其脂肪酸组成分析

以胭脂萝卜籽为原材料,采用响应面试验优化超临界CO2萃取胭脂萝卜籽油工艺,并对胭脂萝卜籽油脂肪酸组成进行分析。首先Plackett-Burman设计对影响超临界萃取的7个因素进行筛选,获得影响提取率的3个主要因素:萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间;然后用最陡爬坡路径逼近最大响应区域;最后通过Box-Behnken设计进行三因素三水平试验及响应面分析,确定最佳萃取工艺条件为萃取压力34 MPa、萃取温度44℃、萃取时间91 min,提取率预测值为93.11%,验证值为(93.09±0.80)%。采用气相色谱-质谱联用分析脂肪酸组成,结果表明胭脂萝卜籽油各脂肪酸组成与菜籽油相似,不饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量分别为89.01%和67.50%。

Optimization of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of "Yanzhi" Red Radish Seed Oil and Analysis of Its Fatty Acid Composition

Response surface methodology was used to optimize the extraction process of seed oil from “Yanzhi” red radish
by supercritical CO2, and the fatty acid composition of the oil was determined. The Plackett-Burman design was used
to evaluate the influence of seven factors on extraction efficiency, and three important extraction parameters, including
extraction pressure, temperature and time, were selected. Steepest ascent path was adopted to approach the optimal response
region of the three significant factors, and then response surface analysis based on Box-Behnken design was used to
determine the optimal levels of the main factors. As a result, the optimal extraction conditions were established as follows:
the extraction was conducted at 34 MPa and 44 ℃ for 91 min. Under these conditions, the predicted and experimental extraction
rates of radish seed oil were 93.11% and (93.09 ± 0.80) %, respectively. The fatty acid composition of “Yanzhi” radish seed oil,
as determined by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS), was similar to that of rapeseed oil. The contents of
unsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in the radish seed oil were 89.01% and 67.50%, respectively.