考虑预防性维修的备件需求量计算模型

备件是装备使用与维修的重要物质基础，是影响装备寿命周期费用的重要因素。针对传统备件需求量计算模型未考虑预防性维修需求的问题和不足，以工龄更换维修策略为例，建立考虑预防性维修的备件需求量计算模型，提出基于离散法的模型求解算法。通过具体算例对模型的应用方法和效果进行了验证，并与传统的备件需求量计算模型进行了对比分析。研究结果表明：传统备件需求量计算模型存在很大误差；预防性维修策略下备件需求量计算模型能够显著提高备件需求量计算的准确性，不仅可以对任意周期长度的备件需求量进行计算，而且还可以用于分析装备寿命周期备件保障费用。

A Model of Calculating Spare Parts Demand Volume by Considering Preventive Maintenance

Spare parts are the material basis of equipment operation and maintenance, and spare parts procurement usually takes a large share of equipment lifecycle cost. The traditional methods of calculating the spare parts demand volume only consider the requirements of corrective maintenance, and cannot be used to calculate the spare parts demand volume by considering preventive maintenance. A model of calculating the spare parts demand volume based on age replacement policy is proposed. A discrete algorithm for the model is presented. An example analysis is carried out to verify the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model. The proposed model is compared with traditional calculation model. The research results show that the proposed model can be used to improve the accuracy of calculating the spare parts demand volume. It can be also used to calculate the spare parts demand volume for any long planning horizon and analyze the spare parts cost in equipment lifecycle process.