参数化生成与评价技术在面向太阳能的城市设计中的应用初探

面对以太阳能为代表的城市新能源供给系统正在从单向集中模式走向双向分散模式的历史性变革,城市规划与建筑设计领域也随之催生了一批关于新能源的研究。而其中工作尺度介于这两者之间的城市设计,因其操作对象的三维形态特征,能够有效地将城市规划中对土地太阳能潜力的预测,与建筑设计中对太阳能建筑一体化构件的设计贯穿起来。由此,文中展示了如何运用参数化的生成与评价技术,按照城市设计中的三维形态、日常设计中各种建筑类型的经验数值、太阳能采集单元的安装规范等限制条件,对城市设计方案进行自动地太阳能采集设备单元模拟安装,即生成了各种尺度、位置的太阳能采集单元基面,并自动地完成对于方案的太阳能采集能力的定量化评估,以此实现对城市设计方案间的比较,以及对后续建筑设计中造型取舍的引导。

Exploring the Application of Parametric Generation and Evaluation Techniques on Solar-energy Oriented urban Design

Facing with the transition from mono-directional centralized model to dual-directional discreet model in urban energy supply field push by solar energy technologies, urban planning and architectural design are changing themselves with a set of pioneering researches. Urban design working on 3D models is at the right scale to link the 2D urban planning to the detailed 3D architectural design. This study demonstrates how an urban design can be automaticaly equipped with solar colection units and be evaluated with its potential solar energy output. The 3D rough model from urban design, the common sense dimensions, and the specifications of solar unit instalation are input to the parametric generation engine and its output can be used as performance index of multi-alternative comparison in the urban design process and as form guide in the folowing architectural design. KEY WORDS solar energy; performance evaluation; urban design; shading; neighborhood.