管道弯头磨损特性的研究

研究了输送管道中气固两相流中微粒的直径、浓度和材料种类等因素对10~＃钢、20~＃钢、16Mn和18-8不锈钢管道弯头磨损量以及磨损率的影响。实验系统采用负压结构,风速范围在5～30m/s之间,采用不同直径的刚玉和氧化锆微粉。对实验结果进行了模拟处理,并对上述变量、弯头曲率半径与直径比和直径等因素的影响规律作了分析。结果表明,弯头材料本身的性能对磨损结果影响最大。四种材料耐磨性依次为16Mn、20~＃钢、10~＃钢和18-8不锈钢。磨损率和风速之间存在指数关系,指数幂在1.2～2之间。不同尺寸、材料和硬度的磨粒将影响磨损率与风速函数关系式的幂指数。另外,对于曲率半径/管直径比值固定的弯头而言,直径大的弯头磨损率低,这与小直径弯头的表面积与体积比更大有关。

The Wear Resistance Behaviors of Bends

The effects of flow speed, particle size, density and particle materials of a gas - solid flow on the wear resistance behaviors of 10# , 20#, 16 Mn and 18-8 stainless steel bends were studied. A negative pressure system was used with the flow speed of 5 ~ 30 m/s and alumina and zirconia as the solid particles. Experimental results were fitted into numerical models and the effects of various parameters were discussed. Results show that the bend materials have the most significant effect on the erosion amount with the wear resistance in the order of 16Mn, 20#,10# and 18 - 8 stainless steel. The erosion rate is an exponential function of the flow speed with the exponential power in the range of 1.2~2. The particle size, materials and hardness will affect the exponential power. It is also found that with the same bend curvature R/D, the larger pipe diameter shows, the higher wear resistance erodes. This is related to the larger ratio of surface to volume fraction of the bend in smaller diameter.