锂离子蓄电池锡基负极材料的研究

综述了锂离子蓄电池锡基负极材料的研究。锡基负极材料主要有锡的氧化物、复合氧化物、盐。锡的氧化物有氧化亚锡、氧化锡及其混合物。复合氧化物为无定形结构，通过在锡的氧化物中加入一些金属或非金属氧化物，然后热处理而成。锡盐有ＳｎＳＯ４。上述锡基负极材料的可逆储锂容量均达５００ｍＡｈ／ｇ以上。锂在锡基负极材料中的储存机理主要有两种：合金型和离子型。前者是锂先将金属锡还原出来，然后与其形成合金；后者则没有锡的还原，锂在其中是以离子形式存在。锡的合金可能是更有前景的负极材料。

Research on tin based anode materials for lithium ion secondary battery

Studies of tin based anode materials for lithium ion secondary battery have been reviewed. Tin based anode materials include oxides, complex oxides and salt. The oxides include stannic oxide, stannous oxide and the mixture thereof. The complex oxide is structurally amorphous. It is formed through heat treatment of the mixture of tin oxides and oxides of some metal or nonmetal elements and the salt of tin comprises SnSO 4. The reversible capacity of the above mentioned tin based anode materials can be more than 500mAh/g. In these materials, lithium intercalates in two mechanisms, i.e. alloy type and ion type. In the former mechanism, lithium first reduces tin, and then forms alloy with it. In the latter mechanism, lithium exists in the form of ion in the tin based material and there is no formation of tin metal. The most promising anode material is perhaps the alloy of tin.