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分析了油气与经济可持续发展之间的关系，阐明了能源系统的演化规律与趋势,认为在21世纪前期油气在世界能源系统中还将占据主导地位。根据各国石油天然气生产和消费特征，将世界各国划分为3大类型：油气净出口国、油气净进口国、油气生产与进口大国。对比分析了不同类型国家的石油天然气战略之异同点。结果认为：国家要实现油气有效、稳定和价格合理地供给，在油气上下游市场引入竞争机制和推进自由化是必要的；油气基础设施是实现油气供给安全稳定和价格合理的基础，因此要加大油气管线等基础设施的建设，在可能的情况下应鼓励私有资本参与其中；国家政治外交等措施是各国在全球范围内配置油气资源的重要手段。鉴于中国的油气生产与消费情况同美国极为相似，故中国的油气战略制定可以借鉴、参考美国的经验。

A SUMMARY OF GLOBAL OIL AND STRATEGIES

On the basis of analyzing the relation between oil and gas industry and sustained economic development and expounding the evolutional rule and trend of energy system, it is considered that the oil and gas will occupy a major proportion of global energy system in the earlier stage of the 21st century. According to the characteristics of the oil and gas production and consumption in the world, three types of countries are divided, i.e. oil and gas net export countries, oil and gas net import countries, oil and gas production and import great countries. Through contrasting and analyzing the differences of the oil and gas strategies in various countries, it is thought that in order to realize a stable, effective and price-reasonable oil and gas supply, it is necessary to induct competitive mechanism and carry forward liberalization in oil and gas upstream and downstream markets; because the infrastructure is the basis for realizing the safe, stable and price-reasonable oil and gas supply, the construction of these installation, as oil and gas pipelines, etc., must be strengthened and a private capital input should be encouraged in it if possible; and the political affairs and diplomatic policies of the countries are the important measures of distributing the oil and gas resources to various countries all over the world. In view of the fact that the oil and gas supply and consumption in China are much similar to those in USA, the experiences of US can be used for reference in making the oil and gas strategies in China.