蛋白质组学及其在肉品分子机制领域的研究

蛋白质组通过基因组表达出来,受到环境和加工条件的影响,在分子领域也可以找到基因组和肉制品的功能质量特性的关联。蛋白质组学作为研究工具来解释肉类加工技术不同的遗传背景或处理机制的分子机制。传统的生物化学方式一次只能够研究一个蛋白质,现在利用蛋白质组学可以同时研究几百个蛋白质。只要了解蛋白质组的多样性和组成成分,了解处理参数,根据基因型和肌肉类型,结合蛋白质图谱,找到肉制品质量特性标记的蛋白质,可以有效地应用在肉品研究领域。本文主要研究蛋白质组分析使用方法,强调了蛋白质组数据相关统计分析以及在肉制品科学领域的研究。

Application of Proteomics to Understand the Molecular Mechanisms behind Meat Quality

The proteome is expressed from the genome, influenced by environmental and processing conditions, and can be seen as the molecular link between the genome and the functional quality characteristics of the meat. In contrast to traditional biochemical methods where one protein is studied at a time, several hundred proteins can be studied simultaneously. Proteomics is a promising and powerful tool to unleash the molecular mechanisms behind different genetic backgrounds or processing techniques of meat. Thus understanding the variations and different components of the proteome with regard to a certain meat quality or process parameter will lead to knowledge that can be used in optimising the conversion of muscles to meat. At present, there has been focus on development of techniques and mapping of proteomes according to genotypes and muscle types. This review will focus on the methods used in the published proteome analyses of meat, with emphasis on the challenges related to statistical analysis of proteome data, and the application in the meat science.